by Biologist » Sun Feb 22, 2009 2:05 pm
Janice mentions magnesium in this thread. Studies indicate taking magnesium CITRATE is much more effective than magnesium OXIDE.
(I have been taking OXIDE !!) Be sure to take it with food for better absorption.
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Am J Cardiol. 2003 Mar 1;91(5):517-21.
Effects of oral magnesium therapy on exercise tolerance, exercise-induced chest
pain, and quality of life in patients with coronary artery disease.
Shechter M, Bairey Merz CN, Stuehlinger HG, Slany J, Pachinger O, Rabinowitz B.
The Heart Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.
Previous studies have demonstrated that magnesium supplementation improves
endothelial function in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). However,
the impact on clinical outcomes, such as exercise-induced chest pain, exercise
tolerance, and quality of life, has not been established. In a multicenter,
multinational, prospective, randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled
trial, 187 patients with CAD (151 men, 36 women; mean +/- SD age 63 +/- 10
years, range 42 to 83) were randomized to receive either oral magnesium 15 mmol
twice daily (Magnosolv-Granulat, total magnesium 365 mg provided as magnesium
citrate) (n = 94) or placebo (n = 93) for 6 months. Symptom-limited exercise
testing (Bruce protocol) and responses given on quality-of-life questionnaires
were the outcomes measured. Magnesium therapy significantly increased
intracellular magnesium levels ([Mg]i) in a substudy of 106 patients at 6 months
compared with placebo (35.5 +/- 3.7 vs 32.6 +/- 2.9 mEq/L, p = 0.0151).
Magnesium treatment significantly increased exercise duration time compared with
placebo (8.7 +/- 2.1 vs 7.8 +/- 2.9 minutes, p = 0.0075), and lessened
exercise-induced chest pain (8% vs 21%, p = 0.0237). Quality-of-life parameters
significantly improved in the magnesium group.
These findings suggest that oral magnesium supplementation in patients with CAD
for 6 months results in a significant improvement in exercise tolerance, exercise-
induced chest pain, and quality of life, suggesting a potential mechanism whereby
magnesium could beneficially alter outcomes in patients with CAD.
PMID: 12615252
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Magnes Res. 2003 Sep;16(3):183-91.
Mg citrate found more bioavailable than other Mg preparations in a randomised,
double-blind study.
Walker AF, Marakis G, Christie S, Byng M. Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition,
School of Food Biosciences, The University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading,
UK.
Published data on the bioavailability of various Mg preparations is too
fragmented and scanty to inform proper choice of Mg preparation for clinical
studies. In this study, the relative bioavailability of three preparations of Mg
(amino-acid chelate, citrate and oxide) were compared at a daily dose of 300 mg
of elemental Mg in 46 healthy individuals. The study was a randomised,
double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel intervention, of 60 days duration.
Urine, blood and saliva samples were taken at baseline, 24 h after the first Mg
supplement was taken ('acute' supplementation) and after 60 days of daily Mg
consumption ('chronic' supplementation). Results showed that supplementation of
the organic forms of Mg (citrate and amino-acid chelate) showed greater
absorption (P = 0.033) at 60 days than MgO, as assessed by the 24-h urinary Mg
excretion. Mg citrate led to the greatest mean serum Mg concentration compared
with other treatments following both acute (P = 0.026) and chronic (P = 0.006)
supplementation. Furthermore, although mean erythrocyte Mg concentration showed
no differences among groups, chronic Mg citrate supplementation resulted in the
greatest (P = 0.027) mean salivary Mg concentration compared with all other
treatments. Mg oxide supplementation resulted in no differences compared to
placebo.
We conclude that a daily supplementation with Mg citrate shows superior
bioavailability after 60 days of treatment when compared with other treatments
studied.
PMID: 14596323
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Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2005 Dec;12(6):596-600.
Int Urol Nephrol. 2008;40(4):1075-82. Epub 2008 Jun 21.
Magnesium supplementation helps to improve carotid intima media thickness in
patients on hemodialysis.
Turgut F, Kanbay M, Metin MR, Uz E, Akcay A, Covic A. Department of Internal
Medicine, Section of Nephrology, Fatih University School of Medicine, Hosdere
cad no:145, Y. Ayranci, 06540, Ankara, Turkey.
BACKGROUND: The atherosclerotic process progresses more dynamically in
hemodialysis (HD) patients than in the general population. In HD patients, lower
magnesium levels were reported to be associated with increased atherosclerosis
of the common carotid artery. We tested the hypotheses that magnesium
supplementation helps to improve carotid intima media thickness (IMT) in HD
patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 47 patients on HD were included in
the study. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: group A (Mg group),
in which patients were given magnesium citrate orally at a dosage of 610 mg
every other day for 2 months and group B (control group), in which patients
received only calcium acetate therapy as a phosphate binder. At baseline and 2
months later, all patients underwent a carotid artery ultrasound scan to measure
carotid IMT. RESULTS: At the end of 2 months, mean serum calcium, phosphorus,
and calcium x phosphorus product were not changed in both groups. As expected,
mean serum Mg level significantly increased in the Mg group at the end of 2
months. In addition, serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) level significantly
decreased in the Mg group at the end of 2 months (P = 0.003). Baseline carotid
IMT was similar between the groups. Bilateral carotid IMT was significantly
improved in patients treated with magnesium citrate compared to initial values
(P = 0.001 for left, P = 0.002 for right).
CONCLUSION: Based on the present
data, magnesium may play an important protective role in the progression of
atherosclerosis in patients on dialysis. Further studies are needed to assess
more accurately the role of magnesium in atherosclerotic regression in dialysis
patients.
PMID: 18568412
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Bioloist