by Biologist » Sun Dec 14, 2008 7:55 pm
Brian,
You are probably well aware of these series of experiments. I believe much "doctor psychology" is evident here -- more significant than the limited incidence of organic mental defect (e.g., sociopathy):
*http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milgram_experiment
Here are some pertinent quotes:
"Moreover, Milgram later investigated the effect of the experiment's locale on obedience levels, (e.g. one experiment was held in a respectable university, the other in an unregistered, backstreet office in a bustling city; the greater the locale's respectability, the greater the obedience rate)."
"Experiment 10 took place in a modest office in Bridgeport, Connecticut, purporting to be the commercial entity "Research Associates of Bridgeport" without apparent connection to Yale University, to eliminate the university's prestige as a factor influencing the participants' behavior. In those conditions, obedience dropped to 47.5 percent."
[MY NOTE: Pharma is viewed by many people -- including doctors -- as being respectable, at parity with universities (many of which are no longer very respectable themselves any more partly due to pharma's influence per some of the books I've read recently)]
"The second is the agentic state theory, wherein, per Milgram, the essence of obedience consists in the fact that a person comes to view himself as the instrument for carrying out another person's wishes, and he therefore no longer sees himself as responsible for his actions. Once this critical shift of viewpoint has occurred in the person, all of the essential features of obedience follow."
"In Obedience to Authority: An Experimental View, Milgram describes 19 variations of his experiment. Generally, when the victim's physical immediacy was increased, the participant's compliance decreased. The participant's compliance also decreased when the authority's physical immediacy decreased (Experiments 1–4)."
[MY NOTE: Pharma is omnipresent for doctors from the time they enter med school.]
"Charles Sheridan and Richard King hypothesized that some of Milgram's subjects may have suspected that the victim was faking, so they repeated the experiment with a real victim: a puppy. They found that 20 out of the 26 participants complied to the end. The six who did not were all male; all 13 of the women obeyed to the end, although many were highly disturbed and some openly wept."
"Milgram also combined the power of authority with that of conformity. In those experiments, the participant was joined by one or two additional "teachers" (also actors, like the "learner"). The behavior of the participants' peers strongly affe cted the results. In Experiment 17, when two additional teachers refused to comply, only 4 of 40 participants continued in the experiment. In Experiment 18, the participant performed a subsidiary task (reading the questions via a microphone or recording the learner's answers) with another "teacher" who complied fully. In that variation, only 3 of 40 defied the experimenter."
[Monkey see; monkey do -- Pharma uses "Opinion Leaders" selected among the ranks of doctors to serve as "lead monkey"; they are well rewarded in cash for their services such as speaking to other doctors at pharma sponcered "events" (e.g., continuing education seminars.)]
"This is, perhaps, the most fundamental lesson of our study: Ordinary people, simply doing their jobs, and without any particular hostility on their part, can become agents in a terrible destructive process. Moreover, even when the destructive effects of their work become patently clear, and they are asked to carry out actions incompatible with fundamental standards of morality, relatively few people have the resources needed to resist authority." --Stanley Milgram
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Interesting words from one of the subjects:
*http://www.jewishcurrents.org/2004-jan-dimow.htm
Biologist